![]() What makes this automatic generation of the CMakeLists.txt file interesting? If a couple of new files are added and included by “main.cpp” or “hello.cpp,” they will automatically be added to the executable. Accordingly, a CMakeLists.txt such as the one depicted above could be automatically generated. By cross-checking declared and defined symbols in “hello.h” and “hello.cpp,” it can easily be deduced that the implementation (blue) of the function hello() is found in the “hello.cpp” file and, therefore, it is required to build the application. There is a main.cpp file that defines an entry point for an executable, which depends by #include to a hello.h header, which in turn is implemented by a hello.cpp.Īnalyzing the source code, it is clear that the user wants to build an executable (from the main function, in green) that includes the file “hello.h” (red). Automatically generating a CMakeLists.txt from the source code. ![]() Let’s see how it works with the well-known example “Hello World.” Imagine someone (“user1”) starts to write code and writes the following three (simplified) files for a Hello World application.įig. For example, the source code itself is a great source of information that can be exploited for this purpose. In biicode, meta-configuration is the process in which the project setup is completed (most of the time automatically) by collecting information about the project and user intentions from different origins. Meta-programming is a process in which the code you write (e.g., a C++ template) is the specification or instructions for how the real code will be generated by a system (in the case of C++ templates, the compiler). What is project meta-configuration? You probably already know something about meta-programming. We have used it for a long time in our own projects and, as professors, we have taught it from the first day in our Software Engineering courses. It is the de-facto standard in the industry for the C/C++ multiplatform and even for single OS development. From those files, CMake can generate projects for the most popular IDEs and build systems on different OSs. CMake allows you to specify the build of a project, in files named CMakeLists.txt, with a simple syntax (much simpler than writing Makefiles). ![]() In the C/C++ ecosystem, the best tool for project configuration is CMake. Maven allows you not only to define how the project has to be built, packaged, executed, or tested, but it also allows you to specify dependencies to binaries artifacts (jars), which can be retrieved from external servers. Nevertheless, the use of Maven is more extended. In languages such as Java, project setup can be accomplished with IDEs including Eclipse or Netbeans. Other languages, especially interpreted ones such as node or python, typically require much less project configuration or setup. For example, you can configure your directories containing external libraries in a dialog (Project Properties). In Microsoft Visual, this can be completed, for the most part, with wizards, menu, and contextual commands. For instance, when programming in C/C++, the project setup usually entails defining what artifacts (e.g., executables, libraries) will be built from certain source code files, with given compiling and linking options. It varies depending on the programming language and tools used, such as the IDE. Project configuration in software development is the process of setting up “how” your code will be built, managed, and/or run.
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